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Thyroid is a vital endocrine gland.It has significant role in the development, growth and metabolism of your body.It is located in front part of neck below Adam’s apple. It surrounds our windpipe on either side.
Your thyroid gland synthesizes & releases important hormones. First is thyroxine which has 4 iodine atoms, hence also known as T4. Second is called triiodothyronine which has 3 iodine atoms, hence also known as T3. T4 is converted into T3 by our body inside cells. So T3 either converted from T4 or directly secreted by gland, is the biologically active form.
Thyroid tests are nothing but the series of blood tests that are used to measure the working of Thyroid glance. thyroid test includes T3, T4, and TSH. The thyroid is a small gland located in the lower-front part of your neck. It’s responsible such as metabolism, energy generation, and mood. The thyroid produces two major hormones: T3 and T4. T3 is nothing but triiodothyronine and T4 is thyroxine.
Hypothyroidism is the condition when your thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough hormones then you may face such a problem like as weight gain, lack of energy, and depression
hyperthyroidism is the condition when your thyroid gland produces too many hormones then you may face such a problem like as weight loss, high levels of anxiety, tremors, and a sense of being on a high.
Typically a doctor suggests to do order broad screening tests, such as the T4 or the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) test. if these results are normal then doctor suggest further test tests to pinpoint the reason for the problem
Common signs & symptoms in hypothyroidism as per age
For Infants, symptoms such as:
Poor growth, Poor appetite / feeding, Jaundice, Excess sleep, Constipation
For children, symptoms such as:
Poor growth, Fatigue, Poor school performance, Delayed tooth development, Delayed sexual maturity.
For adults, symptoms such as:
Intolerance to cold, Fatigue, Constipation, Carpal tunnel syndrome, Unexplained / disproportionate weight gain, Poor appetite, Skin dryness, Loss of hair, Hoarsening of voice, Puffy eyes, Depression, Irregular menses.
Common signs & symptoms in hyperthyroidism as per age
For Children, Symptoms such as:
Reduced school performance, Personality issues, Anxiety, Hyper activity / movement, Behavior issues.
For Adults, Symptoms such as:
Nervousness, Hand tremors, Lack of sleep, Feeling hot in normal or cold weather, Increased frequency of bowel motions, No weight gain / reduced weight, Excessive sweating, Lack of menses (decreased frequency or flow), Joint pain, Apparent eye enlargement.
For Elderly, Symptoms such as:
Breathlessness, Chest pain, Weak bones, Muscle weakness, Abnormal heart rate.
Hypothyroidism diagnosis and treatment
Thyroid function test is generally performed for the diagnosis. It includes T3, T4 & TSH High TSH level and low thyroxine level may indicate you have hypothyroidism.
Hyperthyroidism diagnosis and treatment
Thyroid function test is generally performed for the diagnosis. It includes T3, T4 & TSH High thyroxine and low TSH levels may indicate you have hyperthyroidism.
Thyroid test can be measured at any time in a day without fasting. The brain cells regulate the amount of thyroid hormones in the blood. Brain sends a message to the pituitary gland to release TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone), When the hormone levels are low, due to this thyroid gland releases more hormones.
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T4 by RIA (radioimmunoassay) is the most used thyroid test of all. This test usually measures of thyroid function. T4 reflects the amount of thyroxine in the blood. This test is taken if a patient does not take any type of medication such as birth control pills, other hormones, seizure medication, cardiac drugs. T4 represents 80% of the thyroid hormone produced by the normal gland and also represents the function of the gland.
T3 by RIA measured 20% triiodothyronine Sometimes thyroid gland produces high levels of T3 but produces a normal level of T4. Therefore measurement of both hormones provides an even more accurate evaluation of thyroid function.
The pituitary production of TSH is measured by a method referred to as IRMA (immune radiometric assay). Low levels (less than 5 units) of TSH are sufficient to function the thyroid gland properly. If TSH increases then it indicates thyroid gland failure. Interpretations of the TSH level depends upon the level of thyroid hormone; therefore, the TSH is usually used in combination with other thyroid tests such as the T4 RIA and T3 RIA.
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